There are many factors to consider when determining the best animals to raise on a desert ranch.  Some animals do well, with very low maintenance, while others require much more to maintain.

One of the animals that has survived in the desert for a long part of our history is the horse.  Needing smaller amounts of water, they do well with the proper grains, and human care.  They have survived in the wild as well, and in some areas of the mid western U.S., some wild mustangs still roam free.  A growing trend in the U.S. is Alpaca ranches.  They do not require as much maintenance and can survive the extreme temperatures well, as long as water and shade are provided.  They are prey animals, falling at the bottom of the food chain.  Measures must be taken to protect them from wild animals, and even domesticated dogs.  They are fairly inexpensive to maintain, and are friendly, non-biting animals that are safe around children.  Their wool is sold in the textiles market, and their meat can be eaten in most situations.  Cattle require more maintenance than some people are aware of.  They need fifteen to twenty gallons of water a day, and must have some kind of grass to chew on at all times.  This does not include the supplies for general health.

There are many things to consider, so be sure to research each type of animal well before making a choice to bring them to your desert ranch.